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Inverse Normal Distribution Problems: Find Z-Scores for Given Cumulative Percentages
Statistics
High School Grade 11/12
Question Content
4) If you have 20% of your data lying below a z-score, what is that z-score? 5) If you have 34.5% of your data lying above a z-score, what is that z-score?
Correct Answer
4) $z \\approx -0.84$; 5) $z \\approx 0.39$
Detailed Solution Steps
1
Step 1: For question 4, we need the z-score where the cumulative area to the left is 0.20 (20%). Use a standard normal table or inverse normal calculator to find the z-score corresponding to an area of 0.20, which is approximately -0.84.
2
Step 2: For question 5, first find the cumulative area to the left of the z-score: 1 - 0.345 = 0.655 (since 34.5% is above the z-score). Use a standard normal table or inverse normal calculator to find the z-score corresponding to an area of 0.655, which is approximately 0.39.
Knowledge Points Involved
1
Inverse Normal Calculation
Inverse normal calculation (also called finding the quantile) is used to find the z-score that corresponds to a given cumulative probability/area under the standard normal curve. It reverses the process of finding areas from z-scores.
2
Complementary Probability in Normal Distributions
The total area under the standard normal curve is 1. If a percentage of data is above a z-score, the percentage below the z-score is 100% minus that value. This complementary probability is used to find the cumulative area needed for inverse normal calculations.
3
Standard Normal Table Usage for Inverse Lookup
When using a standard normal table for inverse lookup, find the closest area value in the table, then match it to the corresponding z-score. For areas less than 0.5, the z-score will be negative; for areas greater than 0.5, the z-score will be positive.
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