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Solve for Female-Authored Non-Fiction Books in a Two-Way Table
Mathematics
Grade 5 of Primary School
Question Content
The table shows the number of books by male and female authors on a bookshelf. How many of the non-fiction books were written by female authors? The table has rows: Fiction, Non-fiction, Total; columns: Male, Female, Total. Given data: Fiction Total = 77, Non-fiction Male = 36, Total Male = 68, Grand Total = 142.
Correct Answer
38
Detailed Solution Steps
1
Step 1: Calculate the total number of non-fiction books. Subtract the total fiction books from the grand total: 142 - 77 = 65.
2
Step 2: Calculate the number of female-authored non-fiction books. Subtract the number of male-authored non-fiction books from the total non-fiction books: 65 - 36 = 38.
Knowledge Points Involved
1
Two-way Table Data Calculation
A two-way table organizes data by two categories (here, author gender and book genre). To find missing values, use the relationships between row totals, column totals, and the grand total—each row's total equals the sum of its column values, and each column's total equals the sum of its row values, with all row/column totals adding up to the grand total.
2
Subtraction for Missing Value Solving
When given a total and part of the values that make up that total, subtraction is used to find the missing part. This is based on the basic arithmetic relationship: Total - Known Part = Unknown Part.
3
Logical Data Deduction
This involves identifying the correct order of calculations to fill in missing table data. For this problem, we first need the total of the non-fiction row before we can find the female non-fiction value, so we start with calculating the non-fiction total using the grand total and fiction total.
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